Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41903155›Full record

SynthesisBioMed research international2026

Association Between Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ibrahim Anyass Goumboundi, Justice Afrifa, Richard K D Ephraim

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BioMed research international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ibrahim Anyass GoumboundiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, ucc.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8353-8323
Justice AfrifaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, ucc.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-2969
Richard K D EphraimDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, ucc.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5572-9059

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Inflammation and dyslipidemia play central roles in its pathogenesis. The monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) has emerged as a composite biomarker integrating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways, but its association with DN has not been systematically synthesized.

objectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between MHR and DN and quantified the differences in MHR between diabetic patients with and without nephropathy.

methodsA comprehensive literature search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted from inception to 2025. Observational studies reporting MHR in adult diabetes mellitus patients with and without DN were included. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I

results(9) observational studies comprising 1797 participants were included. Across most studies, MHR was significantly higher in patients with DN compared with those without DN. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significantly elevated MHR in the DN group, with a positive SMD favoring DN. Substantial between-study heterogeneity was observed. Risk of bias was low to moderate in most studies. Funnel plot inspection and Egger's regression test did not indicate significant publication bias (p = 0.486).

conclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrates that MHR is significantly elevated in patients with DN, supporting its role as a marker of inflammation-lipid imbalance in diabetic kidney disease. Given its availability from routine laboratory parameters, MHR may serve as a practical adjunct biomarker for DN risk stratification.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, HDLDiabetic NephropathiesLipoproteins, HDLMonocytesBiomarkersHumansInflammationBiomarkersCholesterol, HDLLipoproteins, HDLdiabetic nephropathyinflammationmonocyte-to-HDL ratio

Identifiers

PMID41903155
PMCPMC13140160

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.