ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2026
Underweight Status Amplifies Respiratory Infection Mortality in Diabetes: Findings From a Nationwide Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetes increases susceptibility to infectious respiratory diseases, but the impact of underweight status on mortality from these conditions remains unclear. We evaluated the association between low body mass index (BMI) and respiratory infection-related mortality in a large nationwide cohort of individuals with diabetes.
methodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study using linked Korean national health and mortality data, including 2 508 409 adults with type 2 diabetes. Participants were stratified by BMI and followed for cause-specific mortality from influenza/pneumonia, tuberculosis and COVID-19. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), accounting for demographics, lifestyle factors, comorbidities and competing risks.
resultsOver a median follow-up of 6 years, 18 024 (0.72%) participants died due to respiratory infections. Compared to individuals with BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m
conclusionsUnderweight status is a strong, independent predictor of respiratory infection-related mortality in individuals with diabetes. Recognition of low BMI as a marker of vulnerability may improve targeted preventive strategies in diabetes care.
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