Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41902049›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

IoT-Simulated Digital Twin with AI Traffic Signal Control for Real-Time Traffic Optimization in SUMO.

Vasilica Cerasela Doiniţa Ceapă, Vasile Alexandru Apostol, Ioan Stefan Sacală, Constantin Florin Căruntu, Russ Ross, Dj Holt, Mircea Segărceanu, Luiza Elena Burlacu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Vasilica Cerasela Doiniţa CeapăDepartment of Automatic Control and Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.ORCID 0009-0007-5502-7955
Vasile Alexandru ApostolDepartment of Automatic Control and Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.ORCID 0009-0005-0301-2028
Ioan Stefan SacalăDepartment of Automatic Control and Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-5787-7848
Constantin Florin CăruntuDepartment of Automatic Control and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iaşi, 700050 Iaşi, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-4026-2852
Russ RossDepartment of Computer Science, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT 84770, USA.
Dj HoltDepartment of Computer Science, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT 84770, USA.
Mircea SegărceanuDepartment of Automatic Control and Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.
Luiza Elena BurlacuDepartment of Automatic Control and Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.

Funding

"Romanian Hub for Artificial Intelligence-HRIA", Smart Growth, Digitization and Financial Instruments Program, 2021-2027, MySMIS 351416
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Urban traffic congestion leads to longer travel times, economic losses, and increased pollution. Recent advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) provide detailed real-time traffic data, yet testing adaptive control strategies directly on live networks remains costly and risky. To address this challenge, we propose an IoT-driven digital twin framework for the design and evaluation of AI-based traffic management systems. The framework is implemented in the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) and uses its Python 3.14.2 API to emulate a dense network of IoT sensors that stream real-time information on vehicle density, queue lengths, and waiting times. This simulated IoT data feeds an AI agent that adapts traffic signal control in real time. The agent is trained with a composite reward function to jointly minimise vehicle waiting times and emissions. Its performance is compared with fixed-time and vehicle-actuated control under varying traffic demand scenarios. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of combining IoT-based simulation with AI control, providing a safe and scalable pathway towards the real-world deployment of intelligent traffic management systems.

Indexed as

adaptive traffic controldigital twinIntelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)Internet of Things (IoT)Q-learningReinforcement Learningsmart citySUMO simulationtraffic signal control

Identifiers

PMID41902049
PMCPMC13030352

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.