Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41901694›Full record

ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2026

RSV-NTHi Co-Infection Skews Host Immunity by Suppressing Type I IFN Responses and Enhancing Pro-Inflammatory Responses.

Zhinian Zhou, Justin W Brennan, Ann Lindley Gill, Christopher S Anderson, Brian M Ward, Gloria Pryhuber, Thomas J Mariani, Steven R Gill, Yan Sun

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zhinian ZhouDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-5692-0913
Justin W BrennanDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Ann Lindley GillDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3885-4725
Christopher S AndersonDepartment of Pediatrics and Center for Children's Health Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Brian M WardDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Gloria PryhuberDepartment of Pediatrics and Center for Children's Health Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9185-3994
Thomas J MarianiDepartment of Pediatrics and Center for Children's Health Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Steven R GillDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Yan SunDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.

Funding

University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Startup OP211968
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease in young children, yet determinants of disease severity in otherwise healthy infants remain poorly understood. RSV disease severity has been linked to temporal differences in airway epithelial type I/III IFN and inflammatory responses, with defective viral genomes (DVGs) acting as potent inducers of type I/III IFNs. Additionally, an increased abundance of nontypeable

Indexed as

CoinfectionHaemophilus InfectionsHaemophilus influenzaeHost-Pathogen InteractionsInterferon Type IRespiratory Syncytial Virus, HumanRespiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsA549 CellsCytokinesHumansInflammationLungVirus ReplicationCytokinesInterferon Type IDVGshuman precision-cut lung slicesinflammationNTHiRSVtype I and type III IFNs

Identifiers

PMID41901694
PMCPMC13029590

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.