ArticleNutrients2026
Serum Vitamin D, A, and E Concentrations and Their Associations with Chronic Diseases in Adult Patients Referred to Italian General Practitioners' Offices.
Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundVitamin deficiencies remain prevalent worldwide and contribute to chronic disease burden. This study evaluated serum concentrations of vitamins D, A, and E in Italian general practice populations and examined their associations with prevalent chronic diseases.
methodsThis multicenter cross-sectional study enrolled 500 adult patients (median age: 60.7 years; 40.4% male) attending 21 general practice offices across Italy between January 2021 and December 2024. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], vitamin A, and vitamin E were measured alongside demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, correlation analyses, and stepwise logistic regression.
resultsThe median 25(OH)D concentration was 20.4 ng/mL, below optimal levels. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with osteoporosis (
conclusionsVitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in Italian primary care populations. Vitamin A concentrations show independent associations with multimorbidity and cancer, suggesting a potential negative influence of an animal-based diet, warranting prospective investigation. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive vitamin assessment in general practice settings.
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