Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41900468›Full record

ArticleMicroorganisms2026

Development and Validation of a Quantitative RT-qPCR Panel for the Detection and Monitoring of Polioviruses in Wastewater Samples.

Linnet Immaraj, Judy Y Qiu, Logan A Brand, Tiejun Gao, Bonita Lee, Michael Parkins, Casey Hubert, Christine O'Grady, Xiaoli Pang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Linnet ImmarajDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada.
Judy Y QiuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada.
Logan A BrandDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3728-1630
Tiejun GaoDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7048-5889
Bonita LeeDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
Michael ParkinsDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
Casey HubertDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
Christine O'GradyACWA, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
Xiaoli PangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada.

Funding

Alberta Health RES0056181
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clusters of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) caused by oral vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) in 2022 and sporadic outbreaks in New York and Gaza highlight the ongoing risk of polio, alongside the persistent global threat posed by wild-type poliovirus. This study aims to develop and validate a quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) panel that employs different primer-probe sets to simultaneously detect vaccine and wild-type poliovirus (WPV) in wastewater. Using an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and engineered DNA fragments (eDNAf), the qPCR master mix (MM) performance, assay specificity, sensitivity (limit of detection, LOD), and recovery from IPV-spiked wastewater were evaluated. Compared with two-step RT-qPCR and qScript MM, one-step RT-qPCR with TaqMan MM improved sensitivity for the following polioviruses (PV): Sabin 1 in IPV and the eDNAf of Sabin 1, 2, and 3; WPV1 and WPV3; and poliovirus type 2 (any serotype 2). The LOD for Sabin 1 in IPV was 2.49 copies/PCR, while LODs for eDNAf of polio targets ranged from 1.06 to 3.12 copies/PCR. Sabin 1 recovery from IPV-spiked wastewater ranged from 10.26% to 57.27%. The RT-qPCR panel for poliovirus exhibited good specificity and sensitivity, with moderate viral recovery, enabling rapid implementation of wastewater monitoring for PV as needed.

Indexed as

IPVpoliovirusRT-qPCR panelSabinwastewaterWPV

Identifiers

PMID41900468
PMCPMC13029747

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.