ArticleMicroorganisms2026
Nontuberculous Mycobacteriosis as a Cause of Cervical Lymphadenopathy: A Retrospective Case Series.
Article in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe global incidence of infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), environmental pathogens commonly found in soil and water, is increasing. Among the various NTM species,
methodsAll patients treated for NTM-associated cervical lymphadenopathy at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, between 2010 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, imaging findings, microbiological results, therapy, and follow-up were evaluated.
resultsA total of 22 patients with a median age of 1 (IQR 2) year were identified, most of whom originated from rural areas (91%). Diagnosis was based on characteristic clinical and imaging findings. Cervical ultrasonography was performed in all patients, and additional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 55%. Microbiological confirmation was achieved in 64% of cases using liquid or solid cultures, while no pathogen was detected in 36%. Treatment consisted of combined antibiotic therapy with clarithromycin and rifampicin for 3-6 months, with additional surgical intervention in selected cases. Follow-up demonstrated clear regression of lymphadenopathy in the majority of patients within six months.
conclusionsNTM infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy. Pathogen detection remains challenging, and antimicrobial therapy alone may be sufficient in selected cases.
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