Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41900255›Full record

ArticleMicromachines2026

Smart Biodegradable Nanosystems with Auxetic Metamaterial Shells and Thermosensitive Dynamic Covalent Bonds: Ultra-Slow Controlled Release and Theoretically Minimized Leakage.

Li Tao, Haoliang Zhang, Jiale Wu, Teng Zhang, Lei Shao, Litao Liu, Tianyu Chen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Micromachines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Li TaoDepartment of Robot Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Haoliang ZhangDepartment of Robot Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Jiale WuDepartment of Robot Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Teng ZhangDepartment of Robot Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Lei ShaoDepartment of Robot Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Litao LiuDepartment of Robot Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Tianyu ChenDepartment of Robot Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Precise drug delivery remains a critical challenge in nanomedicine, with conventional nanocarriers suffering from significant drug leakage during circulation, limited control over release kinetics, and a lack of temporal control. This study presents a computational design and multiphysics simulation of a Smart Biodegradable Nanosystem. Through COMSOL Multiphysics simulations encompassing heat transfer, mass diffusion, and fluid dynamics, we validated the theoretical feasibility of a seven-layer architecture. The computational model predicts that mapping a re-entrant auxetic metamaterial topology onto a spherical scaffold enables geometric locking under fluidic stress, theoretically minimizing drug leakage. Furthermore, modeled thermosensitive dynamic covalent bonds demonstrate highly controlled release kinetics. All performance metrics presented herein are derived from predictive mathematical modeling. Theoretical degradation profiles indicate complete breakdown within 90-180 days into endogenous substances. This simulation-based study establishes a rigorous theoretical blueprint to guide future empirical fabrication in precision nanomedicine.

Indexed as

auxetic metamaterialsCOMSOL simulationprecision nanomedicineSmart Biodegradable Nanosystemstheoretically minimized leakage deliverythermosensitive dynamic covalent bondsultra-slow drug release

Identifiers

PMID41900255
PMCPMC13028857

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.