ArticleMicromachines2026
Hyaluronan-Based Glioblastoma Tumor Constructs Maintain Patient Tumor Drug Responses and Genomic Parity.
Article in Micromachines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an extremely aggressive and incurable primary tumor of the brain. GBM is characterized by interpatient and intratumoral heterogeneity, making this cancer particularly resistant to therapy and likely to recur. Mapping the complex dynamics that underpin the development and evolution of gliomas with human-based in vitro models is difficult. This study aimed to generate 3D glioma patient-derived tumor constructs (PTCs) using a clinically relevant, Matrigel-free, hyaluronic acid system, evaluate their suitability in drug screening assays, and determine the stability of their genetic profiles compared to originating tumors. In this study, we utilized a synthetically modified hyaluronic acid and gelatin hydrogel system to generate tumor constructs containing cells from clinical glioma biospecimens. PTCs were characterized phenotypically, after which they were deployed in chemotherapy drug screens using temozolomide (TMZ) and a P53 activator compound. Drug responses of these 3D cultures were compared with 2D cultures, as well as PTCs that were generated after passaging in 2D. RNA sequencing was used to evaluate genetic parity between PTCs or 2D cultures with originating tumor tissues, using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GBM subpopulations for subcategorizing. PTCs were created successfully from five World Health Organization (WHO) grade 4, two grade 3, and two grade 2 gliomas. PTCs were maintained with high viability. Chemotherapy drug screens demonstrated that expected TMZ responses were observed for Isocitrate dehydrogenase (
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