ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Major Depressive Disorder: From Bench to Bedside-A Scoping Review of Neurobiological Mechanisms and Clinical Translation.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Machine learning for prediction of newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention during hospitalization in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a multi-center prospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Advanced imaging-integrated rTMS therapy for frontal network recovery after traumatic brain injury.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses and, despite the availability of multiple treatment options, remains difficult to treat for a substantial proportion of patients. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an important therapeutic approach for depression, modulating brain activity through targeted magnetic pulses in a non-invasive manner. This review examined scientific evidence from clinical trials, large-scale analyses, and laboratory investigations regarding the effectiveness and safety of rTMS, as well as its role within contemporary therapeutic strategies for depression. In addition to conventional rTMS, the review addresses theta-burst stimulation (TBS), deep TMS, and various approaches aimed at enhancing treatment efficacy or accelerating clinical response, while also discussing the practical utility of different stimulation devices. rTMS applied to specific regions of the prefrontal cortex has demonstrated significant antidepressant effects, and intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) appears to achieve comparable outcomes within a shorter time frame. Research further indicates that rTMS is associated with neurobiological changes in brain connectivity, modulation of neurotransmitter systems, and the promotion of neuroplasticity. Across studies, rTMS is generally considered safe, with reported adverse effects being mild and transient. However, further research is needed to optimize stimulation protocols, clarify medium and long-term effects, individualize treatment approaches, and determine the durability of therapeutic benefits.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.