ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Interleukin-2 and Tretinoin for Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and to Target Type 1 Calreticulin-Driven Neoplasms: Advancements in Immune Regenerative Medicine.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Stem cells, also known as progenitor cells, can differentiate into specialized cells for specific tissues. Genetic mutations and epigenetic changes may cause normal stem cells to become cancer-initiating cells. Research indicates that cells acquiring a mutation for myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) are likely to be long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) at the top of the hematopoietic hierarchy. Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in combating cancer by targeting and eliminating cancer stem cells (CSCs) while promoting their maturation. NK cells do this through direct lysis of CSCs or by releasing cytokines like interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by driving differentiation of CSCs. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) enhances the activity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and boosts NK cell cytotoxicity. This study highlights a case of MPN with a more clinically aggressive Type 1 calreticulin (
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