Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41897822›Full record

ReviewFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Toward Sustainable Xanthan Gum Production: Waste-Derived Substrates, Fermentation Optimization, and Eco-Friendly Extraction Approaches.

Peer Mohamed Abdul, Setyo Budi Kurniawan, Rosiah Rohani, Nor Sakinah Mohd Said, Rozieffa Roslan, Muhammad Fauzul Imron

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Peer Mohamed AbdulDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-0929-2869
Setyo Budi KurniawanResearch Center for Environment and Clean Technologies, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-0791-1638
Rosiah RohaniDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-4391-4043
Nor Sakinah Mohd SaidDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-2876-1365
Rozieffa RoslanDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
Muhammad Fauzul ImronStudy Program of Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jalan Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0003-2649-2421

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sustainable xanthan gum (XG) production is increasingly prioritized as global demand rises, and conventional processes face economic and environmental constraints. Traditional manufacturing depends heavily on refined sugars, intensive fermentation control, and solvent-based purification, which elevate production costs and ecological impact. This review highlights recent advancements designed to improve sustainability across the XG value chain, focusing on alternative substrates, optimized fermentation, and greener extraction methods. Agricultural residues, food-processing waste, lignocellulosic biomass, and industrial effluents have emerged as promising low-cost substrates that reduce reliance on refined sugar sources while supporting waste valorization. Pretreatment strategies, such as acid hydrolysis, enzymatic processing, and integrated biological-chemical methods, significantly enhance the accessibility of complex biomass for microbial fermentation. Concurrently, improvements in strain selection, metabolic engineering, and process control have increased XG yield, molecular weight, and rheological performance. Environmentally friendly extraction technologies, including ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed electric fields, membrane filtration, and electro-dewatering, further reduce solvent consumption and energy demand in downstream processing. However, challenges persist, including substrate variability, formation of inhibitory compounds, strain instability, and regulatory considerations for waste-derived substrates or genetically modified strains. Future progress will rely on integrating bioprocess intensification, genetic engineering, and techno-economic assessment to build scalable, low-impact, and circular XG production systems.

Indexed as

extractionfermentationsustainabilitywaste valorizationxanthan gum

Identifiers

PMID41897822
PMCPMC13024846

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.