Synergistic Mechanisms and Product Regulation in the Co-Pyrolysis of Biomass and Food Packaging Waste: A Study Based on Reaction Kinetics and GHG Calculation.

To address the mounting environmental burden caused by solid waste from the food supply chain-specifically agricultural residues and plastic packaging-this study systematically investigated the synergistic mechanisms and product regulation pathways in the co-pyrolysis of four representative food processing by-products-rice husk, pine wood, corn stover, and chestnut shell-with polypropylene, a common food packaging material. A comprehensive methodology integrating thermogravimetric analysis, kinetic modeling, and product characterization was employed. The results demonstrate that incorporating polypropylene into co-pyrolysis systems, such as those involving waste oil, significantly reduces the average activation energy, indicating a catalytic effect that enhances reaction kinetics. Notably, the co-catalytic interaction between corn stover and PP led to a substantial 54.90% reduction in oxygen content, underscoring PP's role as an effective hydrogen donor that promotes deoxygenation and free radical reactions, thereby increasing hydrocarbon production. At an optimal pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, product distribution was effectively regulated: the hydrocarbon yield in the CP (corn stover/PP) system increased from 39.8% to a maximum of 65.6%, reflecting a targeted conversion of oxygenated compounds into high-value hydrocarbons. Furthermore, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission calculation and techno-economic analyses indicate that a natural gas-assisted co-pyrolysis process (Scenario C) can generate a net daily profit of 1835 RMB while reducing annual CO