ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Design and Reproducibility of Food Propensity Questionnaire for Characterizing Intake of Pyrethroid and Organophosphate Insecticides in Adolescents.
Article in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesThere is currently no food propensity questionnaire (FPQ) developed specifically to address pesticide intake in the adolescent population. Therefore, the objective of our study was to design a specific FPQ with emphasis on fruit and vegetable consumption and dietary exposure to pyrethroids (PYR) and organophosphate (OP) insecticides and to test its reproducibility.
methodsThe FPQ was designed for the purpose of this study primarily by identifying high-risk foods according to the EFSA annual reports on pesticide residues in food. In total, 99 parents/guardians of 10-12-year-old boys completed the first FPQ during May to June 2022 and again during October 2022 to January 2023.
resultsFor the whole questionnaire, comprising 111 questions covering presumed major sources of pesticides in a diet, the median Cohen's weighted kappa was 0.607 (interquartile range, IQR 0.526-0.678, total range 0.275-0.864). Furthermore, similar good overall reproducibility was noted when we focused only on the presumed food sources of PYR and OP pesticides (54 questions; median kappa 0.624, IQR 0.535-0.695, total range 0.275-0.864). Best reproducibility was noted for tomatoes (fresh, in season), lettuces (generic), and pork lard. Median estimated fruit intake for 459 adolescents based on the FPQ was 262 g/day (IQR 176-376 g/day), and vegetable intake was 123 g/day (IQR 74-190 g/day).
conclusionsDue to its good reproducibility, this FPQ, which estimates PYR and OP pesticide exposure, represents a valuable tool for future epidemiological studies and public health surveillance that focus on pesticide residue exposure in specific populations.
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