Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41896488›Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique2026

A double disadvantage? Immigrant and disability status as predictors of community belonging in Canada.

David McConnell, Mashrur Kazi

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Article in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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2 authors.

David McConnellDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. David.McConnell@ualberta.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3426-7726
Mashrur KaziDepartment of Occupational Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo investigate the relationship between immigrant status, disability status, and sense of community belonging in Canada, and to identify sociodemographic factors associated with weaker community belonging among immigrants with disabilities. Given established links between community belonging and health outcomes, this analysis contributes to understanding social determinants of health equity.

methodsWe analyzed data from the 2020 General Social Survey (Cycle 35): Social Identity (n = 30,136), using binary logistic regression to assess the associations between immigrant status, disability status, and sense of community belonging. By including an interaction term in the analysis, we examined whether the effect of one social status (e.g., disability) varied across levels of the other (e.g., immigrant status). Subgroup analysis examined predictors of weak community belonging among immigrants with disabilities.

resultsDisability was associated with increased odds of reporting weak community belonging, while immigrant status was associated with decreased odds. A significant interaction indicated that the effect of disability was greater among Canadian-born individuals, and the protective effect of immigrant status was greater among those with disabilities (interaction OR = 0.81, CI [.71-.87] p < .001). Findings suggest that young, male, and single immigrants with disabilities may be particularly vulnerable to experiencing a weak sense of community belonging.

conclusionsSense of community belonging is a key social determinant of health. These findings highlight the need for public health strategies that address how immigrant and disability status jointly shape social inclusion and health equity in Canada.

Indexed as

Community belongingDisabilityGeneral Social SurveyHealth equityImmigrant

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