ArticleNature biotechnology2026
DNA-drug conjugates enable logic-gated drug delivery amplified by hybridization chain reactions.
Article in Nature biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Programmable DNA Logic Systems for Applications in Biomedicine.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Affibody Complex Formation: An In-Depth Thermodynamic Analysis Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Evolving Landscape of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy: From Conventional Modalities to TME-Responsive Prodrug Design Strategies.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates enable highly specific delivery of potent cytotoxics to biomarker-expressing cells. In parallel, advances in DNA circuitry and DNA-protein conjugates have allowed programmable integration of molecular inputs and signal amplification via hybridization chain reactions (HCRs). Here we present a system using affibody-DNA and aptamer-DNA conjugates to execute a Boolean logic operation on cell-surface biomarkers, resulting in amplified payload delivery using an HCR of DNA-drug conjugates. Proximity-induced assembly of the biomarker binders generates the initiator that triggers an HCR. The resulting assembly undergoes endocytosis, enabling controlled payload release of drugs conjugated to the DNA with cathepsin-cleavable linkers. We show that DNA-drug conjugates achieve targeted delivery with >100-fold amplification relative to the input biomarkers using fluorescence quantifications. We also identify payloads that strongly influence delivery efficiency and demonstrate delivery of different drug combinations. Finally, we show that biomarker-triggered HCRs can recruit generic antibodies. This modular technology enables tailored combinations of biomarker inputs and drug outputs toward more precise and personalized treatment.
Identifiers
41896476What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.