ArticleChemSusChem2026
Upcycling Printed Circuit Board E-Waste to High-Strength, Multifunctional, and Reprocessable Sulfur Composites via Thiocracking.
Article in ChemSusChem, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are a major fraction of electronic waste, yet their glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy matrices remain effectively unrecyclable. Herein, we employ thiocracking, a one-pot reaction of elemental sulfur with PCBs, to convert them into functional composites. The process is 99% atom-economic and near-zero-waste, exploiting only PCBs and abundant refinery by-product sulfur as reagents. Mechanistic progression from model bisphenol derivatives to FR-4 laminates and shredded PCBs demonstrated that thiocracking cleaves aryl-O and C-C linkages within the polymeric structure and reconstructs the network through polysulfide catenates. The resulting composites exhibit compressive strengths of 16-19.5 MPa, flexural strengths of ≈3 MPa, and tensile strengths up to 3.3 MPa, within ranges of commercial masonry and cements. Critically, the composite prepared from whole shredded PCBs with 90 wt% sulfur (CNS
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