ArticleAsia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition2026
Association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in Chinese adults.
Article in Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesThis cross-sectional study explored the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older individuals in China. METHODS AND STUDY
designA total of 2,956 individuals aged 45-74 years were included in the current data analysis, based on a community-based cross-sectional study from Qingdao, China. Data for this study were derived from field surveys conducted from August 2009 to November 2010. Their mean age was 57.2 ± 8.46 years, and 62.4% were women. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were conducted to examine the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms.
resultsOf the participants, 12.4% had depressive symptoms. These participants were younger, were more likely to be smokers, had a higher body mass index, and had lower income and education levels compared with individuals without depressive symptoms. Four dietary patterns were identified: Balanced, Animal-Pickled vegetables, High sugar-Alcohol, and Animal-Seafood-Egg dietary patterns. The Balanced (odds ratio = 0.53, p < 0.01) and Animal-Seafood-Egg (odds ratio = 0.74, p < 0.01) dietary patterns were negatively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas the Animal-Pickled vegetables dietary pattern was positively associated with depressive symptoms. No significant association was observed for the High sugar-Alcohol dietary pattern. Subgroup analysis revealed stronger inverse effects of Balanced and Animal-Seafood-Egg dietary patterns in women younger than 60 years, nonsmokers, and urban residents compared with in their counterparts. Sensitivity analysis confirmed stability across the continuous and quartile-based variables.
conclusionsThe Balanced and Animal-Seafood-Egg dietary patterns were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms, whereas the Animal-Pickled vegetables dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms.
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