Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41895260›Full record

ArticleCell reports methods2026

Intensity modulation of trichromatic split fluorescent proteins for live cell mapping.

Mamoru Ishii, Tomoaki Kinjo, Yohei Kondo, Kenta Terai, Kazuhiro Aoki, Brian Kuhlman, Michiyuki Matsuda

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mamoru IshiiGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: mishii@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Tomoaki KinjoDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Yohei KondoCenter for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Tsurumai-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
Kenta TeraiGraduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Shinkura-cho, Tokushima 770-8501, Japan.
Kazuhiro AokiGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Brian KuhlmanDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Michiyuki MatsudaGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Affiliate Graduate School, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan. Electronic address: matsuda.michiyuki.87r@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp.

Funding

GPU workstation for deep learning-based protein design and cryo-EM data processingR35GM131923 · NIGMS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BRIAN A KUHLMAN · 2019 to 2026
$6.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM131923
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Current fluorescent protein-based multiplexed cell labeling techniques suffer from limited discrimination power due to stochastic color selection and large gene sizes from tandem repeats of multiple fluorescent proteins. We developed Caterpie, a rationally designed system using engineered split fluorescent proteins that enables deterministic identification of 20 distinct cell populations with 97% accuracy and reduced gene sizes. Through computational structure-guided design, we engineered enhanced split mNeonGreen3A and split sfCherry3C variants that achieve performance comparable to split CFP2, the best-performing split fluorescent protein. Our systematic library of trichromatic 11th β-strand tags with up to 12 tandem repeats enables predictable, high-fidelity labeling for precise cell targeting. This technology addresses critical limitations in simultaneous identification of multiple defined cell populations.

Indexed as

Luminescent ProteinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHumansMicroscopy, FluorescenceGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLuminescent Proteinscell labelingcell population discriminationCP: imagingfluorescence intensity modulationfluorescence microscopymulticolor imagingmultiplexed spectral labelingprotein designprotein taggingRosettasplit fluorescent proteins

Identifiers

PMID41895260
PMCPMC13107049

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.