Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41894098›Full record

ArticleJournal of religion and health2026

Latent Psychological Types and Well-Being of Clergy in Taiwan: Ministry Experience as a Moderator.

Wen-Cheng Li, Yu-Ting Chin, I-Ling Ling, Chien-Hung Lee

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Article in Journal of religion and health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wen-Cheng LiDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-6688-0271
Yu-Ting ChinDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6270-0569
I-Ling LingDepartment of Marketing and Tourism Management, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan. yiling@mail.ncyu.edu.tw.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3910-4002
Chien-Hung LeeDepartment of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. cnhung@kmu.edu.tw.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0988-264X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Subjective, psychological, and spiritual well-being is vital for occupational sustainability among clergy but remains underexplored in Chinese-speaking contexts. In this study, latent personality typologies and their associations with these dimensions of well-being were identified, and ministry experience was investigated as a moderating variable. This study recruited a convenience sample of clergy in Taiwan between 2020 and 2023 through multiple sampling waves (N = 799). The Clergy Psychological Type Scale and Chinese Clergy Well-Being Scale were used to assess personality traits and well-being, and psychological types were identified through K-means clustering according to outgoing and rational propensity scores. Linear regression and generalized structural equation modeling were performed to examine associations between personality types and well-being and the moderating role of ministry experience. Four distinct psychological types were identified, representing introverted feeling (IF), introverted thinking (IT), extraverted feeling (EF), and extraverted thinking (ET) orientations, and accounting for a substantial proportion of variance in personality configurations. Clergy with EF and ET profiles consistently reported higher subjective, psychological, and spiritual well-being than those with IF profiles. These differences were most pronounced during midcareer ministry, whereas well-being disparities across personality types were largely absent among late-career clergy, suggesting a buffering effect of accumulated vocational experience. Among late-career clergy, women with EF profiles reported higher subjective and spiritual well-being than men with EF profiles, and ET women reported higher psychological well-being than their male counterparts. Among IT clergy, marriage was associated with higher well-being across all domains. These findings underscore the importance of career stage-sensitive strategies and contextually tailored approaches to sustain clergy well-being.

Indexed as

ClergyPersonalityPsychological Well-BeingFemaleHumansMaleTaiwanChinese contextClergyCluster analysisPersonality traitPsychological typeWell-being

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What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.