ArticleMikrochimica acta2026
Low-surface-area V-BTC MOF as a color-switching platform for dopamine recognition and disease-related sensing across physiological and extreme pH conditions.
Article in Mikrochimica acta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Vanadium-based metal–organic framework (V-BTC MOF) was synthesized via a solvothermal approach and explored as a smart, color-tunable fluorescent sensor for dopamine recognition. The framework was thoroughly characterized through FTIR, PXRD, FESEM, EDS, and BET analyses, while its optical properties were studied using UV-vis-absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity evaluation confirmed excellent biocompatibility of V-BTC, highlighting its suitability as a low-cost, user-friendly, portable, and real-time detection platform for biomedical applications. Upon dopamine addition, the MOF exhibited pronounced, concentration-dependent fluorescence quenching along with distinct visual color changes, facilitating direct and intuitive detection. The sensor demonstrated exceptionally low detection limits- 0.362 nM in water, 0.30 nM in HEPES, and 0.47 nM in PBS - well below physiological dopamine levels. Selectivity studies confirmed dopamine-specific recognition even in complex biological media such as human serum. Importantly, the pH-dependent optical transitions of V-BTC allow simultaneous sensing of pH-associated diseases, including urinary tract infections, gastric disorders, metabolic acidosis/alkalosis, and dermatological conditions, through distinct color changes. pH-dependent fluorescence investigations (pH range 2.2–14) indicated stability under near-neutral to mildly basic conditions, with vivid color transitions: orange-red in acidic, greenish-yellow near neutral, and blue-green in basic environments. Additional distinctions like green color in water, bluish-green in HEPES, and yellow-green in PBS, highlight the system’s optical versatility. This dual-mode, visually and fluorescently responsive platform opens a promising path for future research in real-time, portable diagnostics and broad-spectrum biosensing applications.
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