ArticleGastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association2026
Early- versus late-onset gastroesophageal cancer: real-world outcomes from a 13-year central European cohort study.
Article in Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGastroesophageal cancer presents variably across different age groups, with early-onset (EO) cases showing distinct pathological and clinical characteristics compared to late-onset (LO) disease. This study aims to delineate these differences and assess treatment outcomes in a Central European population.
methodsData from patients diagnosed with gastroesophageal carcinoma and treated between 2010 and 2022, at a high-volume comprehensive cancer center representing approximately 5% of all national gastroesophageal cancer cases in the Czech Republic, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into EO (< 50 years) and LO (≥ 50 years) groups. Clinicopathological characteristics were compared in the entire cohort, while treatment patterns and survival outcomes were evaluated in patients with adenocarcinoma.
resultsA total of 1,377 patients were included, with 161 (11.7%) classified as EO. EO patients are more frequently present with ECOG performance status 0 (42%), lower BMI, current smoking (44%), gastric cancer primaries (63%), and aggressive tumor characteristics such as poorly cohesive adenocarcinoma subtype (45%) and metastatic disease (55%). Hereditary cancer syndrome was confirmed in 4.3% of EO cases. Among adenocarcinoma patients, triplet chemotherapy was more frequently used in the EO group (29% vs. 11%, p < 0.001) in the first-line setting. However, no significant survival benefit was observed in inoperable or metastatic disease (median overall survival 9.1 vs. 9.6 months in EO and LO, respectively, p = 0.913).
conclusionsEO gastroesophageal cancer in the Central European population is associated with distinct clinicopathological characteristics, with no significant impact on survival. This study identifies distinct clinicopathological characteristics in early-onset gastroesophageal cancer in Central Europe, characterized by more aggressive attributes but without significant survival differences compared to late-onset cases.
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