ArticleDrugs - real world outcomes2026
Drug Utilization Pattern of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients with Acid Peptic Disease and Comorbidities in India: A Real-World Electronic Medical Records-Based Study.
Article in Drugs - real world outcomes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAcid peptic disease (APD) is often associated with comorbidities. Choosing a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is critical in such patients, given the frequent use of multiple concomitant medications in routine clinical practice. This real-world study was planned in India to understand drug utilization and prescription patterns of PPIs in APD patients with comorbidities.
objectiveThe aim was to evaluate the real-world drug utilization patterns of PPIs and to explore the adherence, effectiveness, and tolerability of pantoprazole in APD patients with comorbidities in India.
methodsThis multicenter, retrospective, electronic medical record-based study analyzed data of adult APD patients with comorbidities treated with PPIs at four Indian outpatient clinics (January 2017-December 2020). Patients aged ≥18 years with at least two follow-up visits were included, and outcomes assessed included utilization patterns, adherence, effectiveness, and tolerability.
resultsThe study included data from 687 patients with APD, who had a mean age of 47.8 years, and 56.6% of them were male. Patients had various comorbidities, and PPIs were co-prescribed with antidiabetics, antiplatelets, antihypertensives, antibiotics, and antithyroid drugs. Pantoprazole was the most commonly prescribed PPI (51.7%), followed by esomeprazole (20.2%), rabeprazole (13.0%), lansoprazole (9.2%), and omeprazole (6.0%). A greater proportion of patients treated with pantoprazole adhered to treatment when compared to other PPIs at follow-up visits. All APD symptoms significantly reduced at follow-up visit 2 compared to baseline across all PPIs (p < 0.05). All PPIs were well-tolerated, with adverse events consistent with their known profiles.
conclusionThis real-world study highlighted utilization patterns of PPIs and demonstrated that all PPIs are effective and well-tolerated in managing APD symptoms in patients with comorbidities. Pantoprazole was the most co-prescribed and preferred PPI amongst the prescribed PPIs. These findings provide real-world insights into how PPIs are utilized in Indian patients with APD and comorbidities and may help clinicians make informed decisions when selecting an appropriate PPI in routine practice.
trial registrationThe study was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI number: CTRI/2021/06/034237).
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