Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41893836›Full record

ArticleTomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.)2026

Axial X-Ray Microscopy in Nanotomography.

Konstantin P Gaikovich, Ilya V Malyshev, Dmitry G Reunov, Nikolay I Chkhalo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Konstantin P GaikovichInstitute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-6372-8854
Ilya V MalyshevInstitute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-1208-2627
Dmitry G ReunovInstitute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-3779-5217
Nikolay I ChkhaloInstitute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-0653-0857

Funding

Russian Science Foundation 22-62-00068
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThis article develops theory and methods for 3D tomographic imaging of absorption coefficient distributions using axial scanning with EUV microscopes at 46× and 345× magnification. Unlike conventional CT that requires sample rotation, axial scanning moves cells through the microscope focus. The aim is tomographic reconstruction of living cell fine structure without the organelle staining used in optical fluorescence microscopy or ultra-thin cell slicing as in electron microscopy.

methodsBy generalizing the geometric-optical approximation for small absorption coefficient inhomogeneities in absorbing media, we derived a new explicit tomography equation and solution algorithm validated through numerical simulation. The approach was applied to

resultsThe developed methods resolve subcellular features down to 140 nm using the ×46 microscope and 50 nm using the ×345 microscope. Thin low-contrast intracellular structures and individual 50-100 nm organelles were detected.

conclusionsMethods for retrieving absorption coefficient distributions in cone-beam geometry based on geometric-optical theory generalization and on calibration by gold nanoparticles have been developed and validated through numerical simulation and cell analysis. These methods demonstrate for the first time the effectiveness of axial nanotomography using multilayer mirror microscopes for cell diagnostics.

Indexed as

Imaging, Three-DimensionalMicroscopyAlgorithmsAnimalsGoldMiceGoldabsorption coefficientcell tomographyEUV microscopynumerical simulationsoft X-ray microscopytomography

Identifiers

PMID41893836
PMCPMC13030348

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.