ArticleToxics2026
The Toxic Effects of Hydrated Cement, Autoclaved Aerated Concrete, and Demolition Dusts on the Respiratory System in Rats.
Article in Toxics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundFollowing the earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye in 2023, the resulting demolition dust (DD) negatively impacted air quality and led to an increase in respiratory diseases. Although the harmful effects of crystalline and amorphous silica are known, the effects of hydrated cement dust (HCD), autoclaved aerated concrete dust (AACD), and DD on the lungs have not been sufficiently investigated. This rat study presents the first experimental data on the toxicity of these dusts.
methodsIn the study, the structural properties of dust particles smaller than 5 µm were characterized using XRD analysis. Subsequently, 48 female rats were divided into four groups: HCD, AACD, DD, and control. The relevant dust suspensions were administered to the experimental groups, and physiological saline was administered to the control group intranasally a total of five times over a 15-day period, once every 3 days. Subsequently, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, blood, and lung tissues were analyzed.
resultsAn increase in emphysema was observed in all exposure groups, and this increase was significant in the AAC and HC groups. Inflammation and alveolar wall thickness increased in the HC and DD groups. Goblet cell hyperplasia was detected only in the HC group; increases in CD68
conclusionExposure to HCD, AACD, and DD causes lung damage by modulating the Akt/NF-κB signaling cascade; it enhances the apoptotic process through Bcl-xl suppression and caspase-9 increase. DD also induces a marked fibrotic response.
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