ReviewMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Immunotherapies for Ischemic Stroke Patients: Current Status and Future Directions.
Review in Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatiotemporally precise immune reprogramming: a new paradigm for next-generation neuroimmune therapy in ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Inflammation-centered neurovascular-immune-metabolic remodeling in ischemic stroke: stage-dependent mechanisms, regulated cell death, and therapeutic translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesIschemic stroke occurs when a thrombus forms within a blood vessel in the brain. This results in reduced levels of oxygen and glucose, leading to the death of cells and a reduction in function. There are several molecular signaling cascades that commence after the onset of an ischemic stroke; these include increases in apoptosis, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, as well as others. The aim of this review is to provide an updated synthesis of the impact ischemic stroke has on the immune system and how the immune system can be targeted to improve outcomes post-stroke.
methodsIn this review, we have included both clinical and pre-clinical studies and provide a discussion for future directions given our synthesis of the data.
resultsIt is evident that reducing neuroinflammation is an important component of reducing brain tissue loss and functional impairments after stroke. A combination of therapies may be more effective for stroke-affected patients. This could include reducing neuroinflammation through immune therapies, in combination with some pharmaceuticals specific to the patient's needs. Furthermore, sex differences are highly prevalent in ischemic stroke outcomes. These differences can inform us of the best sex-specific interventions, treatments, or techniques that should be used in healthcare to ensure lower mortality rates and higher quality of life for all. Therapeutic development for ischemic stroke is needed, and this review highlights that targeting the immune system could lead to better outcomes for patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.