Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41892320›Full record

ArticleCells2026

Integrated Functional and scRNA-Seq Analyses Reveal Convergence of M-CSF- and GM-CSF-Derived Macrophages Following IL-27 Polarization.

Tomozumi Imamichi, Jun Yang, Qian Chen, Udeshika Kariyawasam, Mayra Marquez, Jeanette Higgins, Jordan Metz, Homa Nath Sharma, Michael W Baseler, Hongyan Sui

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Tomozumi ImamichiLaboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-0910-5297
Jun YangLaboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.
Qian ChenLaboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-1085-186X
Udeshika KariyawasamLaboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.
Mayra MarquezLaboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.
Jeanette HigginsAIDS Monitoring Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.
Jordan MetzAIDS Monitoring Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.
Homa Nath SharmaLaboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.
Michael W BaselerAIDS Monitoring Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.
Hongyan SuiLaboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4341-0929

Funding

NCI NIH HHS HHSN261200800001E
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Macrophages differentiated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) (M-Mac) are widely used as an experimental model. Interleukin 27 (IL-27)-polarized M-Mac (27M-Mac) suppresses HIV replication; however, the effects of IL-27 polarization on granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-induced macrophages (GM-Mac) remain less investigation. Here, we compare multiple functional properties and gene expression profiles of 27M-Mac and IL-27-polarized GM-Mac (27GM-Mac). M-Mac and GM-Mac were generated from monocytes of healthy donors and subsequently treated with IL-27 for three days. HIV replication in 27M-Mac, GM-Mac, and 27GM-Mac was suppressed to nearly 10% of that in M-Mac; however, single-cell RNA sequencing showed that M-Mac clustered with GM-Mac, and 27M-Mac clustered with 27GM-Mac. Expression of CD38 and secretion of CXCL9 and C1q were significantly increased in 27M-Mac and 27GM-Mac compared with M-Mac and GM-Mac. Although CD16 and CD64 expression increased in 27M-Mac and 27GM-Mac relative to their respective controls, phagocytic activity in 27M-Mac and 27GM-Mac was 30% of that in M-Mac. Autophagy was promoted 3.7-fold more strongly in 27M-Mac than in M-Mac, reaching levels comparable to those in GM-Mac and 27GM-Mac. Collectively, these findings indicate that IL-27 polarizes M-Mac and GM-Mac toward transcriptionally and functionally similar subtypes, providing insight into the role of IL-27 in macrophage polarization and plasticity.

Indexed as

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorInterleukin-27InterleukinsMacrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorMacrophagesRNA-SeqCell DifferentiationHumansGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorInterleukin-27InterleukinsMacrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorconvergenceGM-CSF-differentiated MDMsIL-27M-CSF-differentiated MDMspolarizationscRNA Seq

Identifiers

PMID41892320
PMCPMC13025208

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.