ArticleLanguage, speech, and hearing services in schools2026
Characterizing the Growth in Utterance Length, Grammaticality, and Subordination in Spanish and English in Bilingual Children.
Article in Language, speech, and hearing services in schools, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to examine the growth of utterance length, grammaticality, and subordination in Spanish and English in bilingual children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD).
methodThis is a longitudinal study of 100 children (DLD,
resultsSimilar growth trajectories were observed for MLUw and SI in both Spanish and English. These measures increased over time. However, PGU showed a different growth trajectory in Spanish and English. English PGU increased significantly, while Spanish PGU change was minimal. Children with DLD underperformed compared to children without DLD on all measures at the onset of the study, but their growth trajectories did not differ.
conclusionsSentence development in bilingual children with and without DLD was characterized by increases in utterance length and use of subordination. However, grammaticality increased only in English. Clinicians should be aware of this developmental trend while conducting language evaluations in bilingual children.
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