Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41891696›Full record

ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2026

Identification of a highly expressed gene cluster likely coding for benzene activation enzymes in a methanogenic enrichment culture.

Courtney R A Toth, Olivia Molenda, Camilla L Nesbø, Fei Luo, Cheryl E Devine, Xu Chen, Kan Wu, Johnny Z Xiao, Rishika Puri, Shen Guo and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Courtney R A TothDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3430-0792
Olivia MolendaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Camilla L NesbøDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5904-0750
Fei LuoDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Cheryl E DevineDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Xu ChenDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0009-0004-9150-6249
Kan WuDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5093-4731
Johnny Z XiaoDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rishika PuriDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Shen GuoDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nancy BawaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Po-Hsiang WangDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9900-0972
Yifeng WeiSingapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
Robert FlickDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5463-9107
Elizabeth A EdwardsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8071-338X

Funding

Federated Cooperatives Limited OGI-102 and OGI-173Genome Canada OGI-102 and OGI-173Imperial Oil Resources (Imperial Oil Resources Ltd.) OGI-102 and OGI-173Ministry of Colleges and Universities OGI-102 and OGI-173Mitacs Post Doctoral to CTOntario Genomics OGI-102 and OGI-173
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The oil refinery (OR) consortium is a model methanogenic enrichment culture used to study anaerobic benzene degradation. Over half of the culture's bacterial community consists of two closely related IMPORTANCE: Benzene is a widespread, persistent, and toxic pollutant that can accumulate in anoxic environments such as groundwater and sediments. Benzene can be metabolized in the absence of oxygen; however, despite decades of research, the biochemical mechanisms for benzene activation under anaerobic conditions remain unproven. This study provides strong genetic and proteomic evidence for a new suite of enzymes that initiate anaerobic benzene activation. These findings lay a foundation for future biochemical studies and expand our understanding of how microbes carry out difficult chemical reactions in the absence of oxygen.

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsBenzeneDeltaproteobacteriaMethaneMultigene FamilyBiodegradation, EnvironmentalMetagenomePhylogenyBacterial ProteinsBenzeneMethaneanaerobic hydrocarbon degradationbenzenebiodegradationbioremediation“Candidatus Anaerobenzenivorax”DesulfobacterotamethanogenesisORM2proteomics

Identifiers

PMID41891696
PMCPMC13101534

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.