Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41891087›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of transgender health2026

Gender recognition and health rights vis-à-vis reproductive justice: Exploring the experiences of transmasculine persons in India.

Chanchal De Boxi, Seema Singh, Debdas Roy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of transgender health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Chanchal De BoxiHumanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2446-9447
Seema SinghDepartment of Humanities and Social Sciences, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3689-3296
Debdas RoyDepartment of English, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6339-8755

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The narratives of trans women dominate the discourse on 'trans rights' in India, thereby marginalizing transmasculine identities that continue to be 'invisible' in public perception. Trans men are often neglected in gynecological and reproductive healthcare, including gender-affirming services, despite their distinct sexual and reproductive requirements. Notwithstanding substantial progress in recognizing and protecting women's reproductive rights, Indian judiciaries have persistently overlooked the reproductive and health rights of transgender individuals. The recent enactment of India's ART Bill of 2008 and the Surrogacy Bill of 2016 and the Transgender Persons Act, 2019 has further reinforced this conviction. Purpose: The study aimed to explore trans men's experiences of poor healthcare facilities and reproductive (in)justice shaped by India's recent legislations. Method: Comprehensive searches were performed across multiple databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, and official government websites, employing search strings pertinent to gender recognition and assisted human reproduction (AHR) legislation, and reproductive healthcare. A total of four narratives were identified for discussion using thematic analysis. Results: Four themes were developed: (1) uninformed and reluctant healthcare providers, (2) invalidation of gender identity and invasive questions, (3) lack of availability of free gender-transition services in public hospitals, and (4) Denial of protection under constitutional framework. Conclusion: This study adds to the expanding field of literature calling for transmasculine persons' reproductive health rights and informing policies.

Indexed as

Health rightlegislation in Indiareproductive justicetransmasculine identity

Identifiers

PMID41891087
PMCPMC13015026

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.