Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41890765›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Identification of a TCR signature in peripheral blood derived CD4+ T cells, associated with chronic chikungunya disease, suggests a conducive, female-biased, background immune profile.

Koen Bartholomeeusen, Fabio Affaticati, Elisabeth Willems, Emilie Dhondt, Esther Bartholomeus, Alvino Maestri, Sowath Ly, Duong Veasna, Benson Ogunjimi, Pieter Meysman and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Koen BartholomeeusenVirology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Fabio AffaticatiAntwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Elisabeth WillemsVirology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Emilie DhondtVirology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Esther BartholomeusAntwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Alvino MaestriImmunology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Pasteur Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Sowath LyEpidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Duong VeasnaVirology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Pasteur Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Benson OgunjimiAntwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Pieter MeysmanAntwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Kris LaukensAntwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Tineke CantaertImmunology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Pasteur Network, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Kevin K AriënVirology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic chikungunya disease (CCD) is characterized by persistent inflammatory joint pains following acute chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection in about half of the patients . CD4 Methods: Peripheral blood CD4 Results: Eight TCR clusters were differentially enriched between chronic and non-chronic patients. Chronic disease was associated with increased TRAV9-2 and TRAV41.2 and decreased TRAV41.3 and TRBV18 clone counts. Female controls exhibited higher baseline TRAV9-2 frequencies, suggesting a pre-existing, female-biased immune background associated with CCD susceptibility. Discussion: A distinct CD4

Indexed as

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesChikungunya FeverChikungunya virusReceptors, Antigen, T-CellAdultChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSex FactorsReceptors, Antigen, T-Cellarthritogenic alphavirusCCDCD4+ T cellschikungunya virusCHIKVchronic chikungunya diseaseTCRTCR repertoire

Identifiers

PMID41890765
PMCPMC13013352

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.