ArticleCureus2026
Fatal Refractory Radiation-Induced Biliary Stenosis (RIBS) and Liver Abscess Following Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) is an effective modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, it carries a risk of radiation-induced biliary stenosis (RIBS), particularly for centrally located tumors. We report a rare but potentially fatal case of refractory RIBS following C-ion RT. A patient underwent C-ion RT for HCC located near the hepatic hilum. During long-term follow-up, despite no evidence of local tumor recurrence, the patient developed severe biliary stenosis. Due to the ischemic and rigid nature of RIBS, the stricture was highly resistant to standard endoscopic balloon dilation and repeated plastic stenting. Metallic stents were avoided to prevent complications associated with benign strictures, and surgical or percutaneous interventions were contraindicated due to the patient's poor baseline hepatic reserve and lobar atrophy. The clinical course was complicated by recurrent cholangitis, ultimately culminating in a fatal liver abscess and septic shock driven by the opportunistic pathogen
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