Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41889996›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

PSF-Driven Spatio-Temporal Blending in Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy and Its Mitigation via Mean-Shift Super-Resolution-Based Masking.

Mario González-Gutiérrez, Diana M Vázquez-Enciso, Nicolás Mateos, Wonsang Hwang, Esley Torres-García, Haydee O Hernández, Jenu V Chacko, Iván Coto Hernández, Pablo Loza-Álvarez, Christopher Wood and 1 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mario González-GutiérrezLaboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0003-1167-2462
Diana M Vázquez-EncisoLaboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.ORCID 0009-0000-2419-2332
Nicolás MateosInstitut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Castelldefels, Catalunya, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3272-2975
Wonsang HwangWellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, CNY149, 13th St, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6156-9554
Esley Torres-GarcíaFacultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.ORCID 0000-0002-9301-6962
Haydee O HernándezCentro de Investigación en Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-2180-2614
Jenu V ChackoLaboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6676-0358
Iván Coto HernándezCenter for Interdisciplinary Innovation in Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149 13th St, Charlestown, 02129, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3611-7959
Pablo Loza-ÁlvarezInstitut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Castelldefels, Catalunya, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3129-1213
Christopher WoodLaboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-7175-7121
Adan GuerreroLaboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-4389-5516

Funding

Super-resolved multiphoton microscopy with dual output ultrafast laserK25EB032864 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI COTO HERNANDEZ, IVAN · 2023 to 2025
$436k
NIBIB NIH HHS K25 EB032864
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) enables quantitative mapping of molecular environments in living systems with high biochemical specificity. However, spatial overlap dictated by the diffraction-limited point spread function (PSF) causes a mixing of temporal signals: photons from neighboring emitters collected within the same pixel yield composite decay profiles, generating apparent intermediate lifetimes that can be mistaken for variations in the local molecular environment. We introduce a workflow that applies Mean-Shift Super-Resolution (MSSR) to raw intensity data to generate intensity-derived spatial masks prior to phasor-based lifetime analysis. The method is computationally efficient and preserves decay kinetics because it operates on intensity-derived spatial information rather than modifying temporal data. In U2OS cells labeled with spectrally-overlapping fluorophores, phasor analysis reveals an intermediate lifetime population localized at PSF-overlap interfaces, consistent with optical mixing rather than intrinsic lifetime heterogeneity. MSSR-derived masking suppressed this mixed population while preserving stable phasor cluster centers -

Indexed as

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM)Lifetime cross-talkMean-Shift Super-Resolution (MSSR)Phasor analysisPhoton mixingTemporal blending

Identifiers

PMID41889996
PMCPMC13015704

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.