ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026
Transcranial magnetic stimulation to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates single-neuron activity in humans.
Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immediate Effects of Magnetic Stimulation on Dentate Gyrus Glutamatergic and GABAergic Neuron Excitability.Brain sciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is an FDA-cleared treatment for depression, yet how cortical stimulation influences single neurons in deep brain circuits remains unknown. Using intracranial microelectrode recordings in four neurosurgical patients, we resolved single-neuron spikes as early as 8 ms from 185 single neurons after single-pulse left dlPFC TMS. TMS elicited time-locked firing responses in 46% of neurons across deep cortical and subcortical structures bilaterally. TMS facilitated putative interneuron spiking in striato-thalamic regions from ~8 ms, peaking at ~80-100 ms, and lasting to ~1000 ms, while suppressing putative pyramidal cell spiking with a delayed and slower time course. Trial-by-trial single-neuron modulations were positively correlated with cortico-striato-thalamic network activity and anti-correlated with limbic network activity. These findings reveal that dlPFC TMS facilitates inhibitory firing in executive control networks while suppressing limbic excitatory drive, providing a cellular mechanism for how cortical stimulation modulates distributed brain networks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.