SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2026
Therapeutic methods and effect on keloid and hypertrophic scars: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative disorders with high recurrence rates, lacking a definitive treatment standard. This review systematically evaluates current therapies and their effectiveness in treating keloid and hypertrophic scars. Method: The inclusion criteria were based on the population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) framework. Electronic searches through April 2025 across databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science used keywords such as 'keloid', 'occlusive dressings', and 'imiquimod', among others. Meanwhile, we used the keywords Results: This study synthesizes findings from 162 studies, exploring a range of treatments including monotherapies and combination therapies, such as local corticosteroid injections, optical therapy, radiation therapy, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy, bleomycin therapy, verapamil therapy, excision surgery, cryotherapy, and topical treatments, as well as various multi-drug regimens. It also examines innovative therapies such as stem cells and RNA microneedles. Technological developments continue to expand the range of available interventions. Treatment strategies increasingly emphasized combination therapies that integrate intralesional corticosteroids, surgical excision, laser modalities, and radiotherapy, demonstrating superior outcomes compared with single-modality approaches, particularly in reducing recurrence, prolonging therapeutic benefit, and improving patient prognosis. Conclusion: Sole treatments and inadequate therapy are major risk factors for recurrence. Anti-fibroblast growth strategies are crucial, aside from physical interventions. Despite the lack of an established gold standard, corticosteroid and excision therapies remain critical benchmarks for evaluating new treatments.
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