Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41889386›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental and occupational health practice2026

Mercury and cyanide exposure and safety practices in Sudanese artisanal gold mining communities, 2022.

Shafee S Almahi, Mohammednour Mukhtar Mohammednour Ali, Mohammed O Adam, Mohammedahmed M Osman

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Article in Environmental and occupational health practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shafee S AlmahiFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7460-6628
Mohammednour Mukhtar Mohammednour AliFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Mohammed O AdamFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Mohammedahmed M OsmanFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) involves informal, small-scale investments in gold mining using low technology. It accounts for 39% of annual mercury emissions, in addition to cyanide emissions. Mercury and cyanide have toxic effects on health and environment, especially from direct exposure. Protective measures and knowledge are crucial for controlling these hazards. We aimed in this study to assess health impacts and knowledge about mercury and cyanide, as well as attitudes regarding personal protective equipment (PPE) among gold miners directly exposed to these toxicants. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a mining site in River-Nile State using a self-structured questionnaire. The study included 269 participants, and the data were analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize and present the data. Results: The mean age was 31 years. Elemental mercury was the mostly used chemical (98.5%), exposure forms included hand and foot handling (64.5%) and vapor (35.5%). Cyanide was used by 7.8%, exposure forms included vapor (60%) and hand handling (50%). The most reported complaints were persistent headache (32%), numbness and tingling (10%), itching (9.5%), and tremors (7%). PPE was not used by 52.5% of participants. The average overall knowledge score was 8.7/17. PPE use was associated with higher overall knowledge and lower prevalence of headache and skin rash (p<0.05). Long daily working hours were associated with headache, while prolonged work duration was associated with numbness (p<0.05). Conclusion: The majority of participants did not use PPE and had low average overall knowledge about mercury and cyanide toxicity.

Indexed as

ASGMcyanideexposurehazardsmercuryPPE use

Identifiers

PMID41889386
PMCPMC13012897

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