Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41888981›Full record

ArticleBiomarker research2026

Reprogramming myeloid cells and restoring T cell fitness in checkpoint inhibitor resistant melanoma patients.

Hanna Grauers Wiktorin, Viktoria Ekström-Rydén, Ida Ek, Emma Eriksson, Tanja Lövgren, Clara Bernedal Nordström, Linda C Sandin, Meera R Patel, Omid Hamid, Gustav Ullenhag and 1 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Biomarker research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04123470 (A Phase I/II Trial Investigating LOAd703 in Combination With Atezolizumab in Malignant Melanoma), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04123470 phase1 / phase2completednot on this map

A Phase I/II Trial Investigating LOAd703 in Combination With Atezolizumab in Malignant Melanoma

TypeinterventionalSponsorLokon Pharma ABRan2020 to 2023Enrolled24ConditionsMalignant MelanomaArmsdelolimogene mupadenorepvec, atezolizumab
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hanna Grauers WiktorinDepartment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Viktoria Ekström-RydénDepartment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Ida EkDepartment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Emma ErikssonDepartment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Tanja LövgrenDepartment of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Clara Bernedal NordströmLokon Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
Linda C SandinLokon Pharma AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
Meera R PatelBaylor College of Medicine, McNair Campus, Houston, TX, USA.
Omid HamidThe Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, A Cedars Sinai Affiliate, Medical Oncology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Gustav Ullenhag *Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Angelica Loskog *Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. angelica.loskog@igp.uu.se.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance remains a clinical hurdle in malignant melanoma (MM). Remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been proposed a revenue to overcome ICI resistance. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that treatment with LOAd703, a TMZ-CD40L/4-1BBL-expressing gene engineering vector, reprograms the immune landscape in ICI refractory MM patients to restore ICI responsiveness.

methodsLOKON003 a multi-center, single-armed phase I/II clinical trial recruited 24 patients with confirmed stage IV cutaneous MM (n = 23) and mucosal MM (n = 1) who had progressed on one, or several, treatments with anti-PD-1 inhibitors with or without supplementary anti-CTLA-4 inhibitor or experimental immunotherapy treatment. LOAd703 (1 × 10

resultsThe results suggest that treatment with LOAd703 and atezolizumab renders a local and systemic immune signature in ICI resistant MM patients resembling what has previously been reported correlative with ICI response. This includes an increased TME expression of DC-associated biomarkers, an enhanced level of circulating CD40

conclusionsCollectively, the results propose that treatment with LOAd703 and atezolizumab induce an immune phenotype of ICI resistant patients that has previously been reported associative with ICI responsiveness. These results merits further clinical investigation of supplementary LOAd703 treatment to accomplish ICI sensitivity in ICI resistant MM.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov ID, NCT04123470. First posted 2019-10-11.

Indexed as

4-1BBLCD40LCD8+ T cellsDendritic cellsGene engineeringImmune checkpoint inhibitor resistanceImmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmunotherapyMalignant melanomaTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41888981
PMCPMC13063715

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