Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41888858›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2026

Evaluating the implementation of rigid sterilization containers in a Dutch central sterile supply department: a scenario-based cost and workflow analysis.

I A Kottink, A C Noort, J W Ongerboer de Visser, H A Cense

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

I A KottinkFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. kottinkisa@gmail.com.
A C NoortFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J W Ongerboer de VisserClinium BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
H A CenseFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe transition from single-use blue wrap to rigid sterilization containers is becoming more common in healthcare settings to reduce packaging waste and align with sustainability goals. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluations that integrate workflow dynamics, capacity implications, and financial outcomes. This study investigates the operational and economic impacts of implementing rigid sterilization containers in a high-volume central sterile supply department.

methodsA comparative, scenario-based analysis was conducted using detailed workflow mapping and cost modeling. Operational data was collected over three weeks to establish baseline metrics for packaging time, autoclave loading efficiency, and washer-disinfector utilization. The financial analysis incorporated equipment investment, labor, consumable costs, and infrastructure needs under different implementation scenarios.

resultsIntroducing rigid sterilization containers reduced the average packaging time per instrument set by 61% and increased the autoclave capacity per cycle by 25%. The sterilization cost per set decreased by 40.4%, from €2.75 to €1.64. Based on typical usage patterns, the breakeven point for the initial investment was reached after approximately six years. However, the transition introduced new pressure points in the cleaning process, particularly when using large-capacity washer-disinfectors. Maintaining uninterrupted processing required either the addition of a new washer-disinfector or targeted workflow interventions.

conclusionRigid sterilization containers can deliver substantial efficiency improvements and cost savings, supporting their role as a viable, sustainable alternative to disposable wrapping materials in large-scale sterilization services. However, these benefits depend on system-wide coordination involving infrastructure adjustments and process redesign. Strategic planning and collaboration across hospital departments are essential for successful implementation. Future research should explore the effects on clinical operations, supply chain performance, and environmental impact.

Indexed as

Central Supply, HospitalProduct PackagingSterilizationWorkflowCosts and Cost AnalysisHumansNetherlandsCentral sterile supply departmentCost analysisHealthcare sustainabilityInfrastructure planningRigid sterilization containersWorkflow analysis

Identifiers

PMID41888858
PMCPMC13141316

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.