ArticleScientific reports2026
Carbon sequestration potential of electrokinetically treated fine-grained expansive soils.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study investigates the carbon sequestration potential of fine-grained expansive soils treated using electrokinetic (EK) stabilisation. It identifies the physicochemical conditions that promote gravimetrically inferred calcium carbonate [Formula: see text] precipitation, based on stoichiometric and gravimetric evidence, as a mechanism for laboratory-scale [Formula: see text] immobilization potential. EK tests were conducted using a five-factor face-centered central composite design with 48 experimental runs, and routine measurements of pH, salinity (Sal), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical resistivity ([Formula: see text]), and electrical conductivity (σ) were recorded to quantify their relationship with gravimetrically inferred [Formula: see text] formation. A quadratic Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model incorporating linear, interaction, and quadratic terms was developed to predict [Formula: see text] sequestration potential. Experimental data from calcium chloride and sodium carbonate [Formula: see text] electrolytes applied to EK-treated soil blocks were analyzed with multivariate regression and ANOVA to identify governing parameters. The model demonstrated near-perfect statistical agreement within the validated experimental design space ([Formula: see text] = 1.000; adjusted [Formula: see text] = 1.000; predicted [Formula: see text] = 0.9997; p < 0.001). ANOVA confirmed the statistical significance of all model terms (p < 0.0001), with TDS, ρ, and σ as significant main effects. Interaction analysis further revealed significant contributions from Sal × σ, ρ × σ, pH × Sal, TDS × ρ, and Sal × TDS. An empirical calibration constant, [Formula: see text] = [Formula: see text]g [Formula: see text]g⁻
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