Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41888552›Full record

ArticleNature neuroscience2026

The neurovascular impulse response function differentially reflects intrinsic neuromodulation across cortical regions.

Bradley C Rauscher, Natalie Fomin-Thunemann, Sreekanth Kura, Patrick R Doran, Pablo D Perez, Kıvılcım Kılıç, Emily A Martin, Dora Balog, Nathan X Chai, Francesca A Froio and 18 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A silent leap in neuroimaging.Nature neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Spatiotemporally dynamic noradrenergic regulation of cortical networks.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Brainwide blood volume reflects opposing neural populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Bradley C Rauscher *Graduate program in Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-1737-059X
Natalie Fomin-Thunemann *Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-4645
Sreekanth KuraDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Patrick R DoranGraduate program in Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Pablo D PerezDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Kıvılcım KılıçDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Emily A MartinGraduate program in Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Dora BalogGraduate program in Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-5296-5725
Nathan X ChaiUndergradute program in Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0603-7669
Francesca A FroioUndergradute program in Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Patrick F BloniaszGraduate Program for Neuroscience (GPN), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Kate E HerremaGraduate program in Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Rockwell P TangGraduate program in Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Scott G KnudstrupGraduate program in Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Andrew GarciaGraduate Program in Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
John X JiangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Jeffrey P GavornikDepartment of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8420-8973
Michael LondonEdmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences and Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5137-1707
David KleinfeldDepartment of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9797-4722
Michael E HasselmoDepartment of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-6377
Laura D LewisAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-0277
Sava SakadzicAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Lei TianDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1316-4456
Gal MishneHalıcıoğlu Data Science Institute and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5287-3626
Emily P StephenDepartment of Mathematics & Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1978-9622
Martin ThunemannDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4139-079X
David A BoasDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6709-7711
Anna DevorDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. adevor@bu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-3960

Funding

Project 4U19NS123717 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI LINNINGER, ANDREAS A · 2021 to 2025
$13.4M
Resilient versus fragile aspects of blood flow in the mammalian brainR35NS097265 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KLEINFELD, DAVID · 2017 to 2024
$6.8M
Cell Type and Circuit Mechanisms of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation by Sensory EntrainmentR01NS122742 · NINDS · ALLEN INSTITUTE · PI ANTON ARKHIPOV, Li-Huei Tsai · 2021 to 2026
$4.1M
Investigating the Microvascular Mechanisms of O2 Supply-Demand Mismatch in Small Vessel Disease using Novel High-Resolution Optical ImagingR01NS115401 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI AYATA, CENK, SAKADZIC, SAVA · 2020 to 2024
$3.5M
Neurophotonic Advances for Mechanistic Investigation of the Role of Capillary Dysfunction in Stroke RecoveryR01NS127156 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI David A Boas · 2022 to 2026
$3.3M
Effects of intrinsic and drug-induced neuromodulation on functional brain imagingR01DA050159 · NIDA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI DEVOR, ANNA · 2020 to 2024
$1.9M
Two-photon Imaging of Oxygen and Blood Flow in Retinal and Cerebral VasculatureR01NS121095 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Sava Sakadzic, Mahnaz Shahidi · 2024 to 2026
$1.3M
Graduate Training at the Interface of Neuroscience, Optical Engineering and Data ScienceT32NS136080 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI David A Boas, Jerry L Chen · 2024 to 2026
$661k
Simultaneous Optical Voltage Imaging and fMRI in Behaving MiceF31NS118949 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI DORAN, PATRICK · 2022 to 2024
$118k
Regulation of Cerebral Blood flow by Intrinsic Neuromodulation in Wakefulness and SleepF31NS145737 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI Bradley Rauscher · 2025 to 2026
$85k
Biomaterial-directed patterning of xenografted brain organoids in-vivoF31NS141509 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI Kate Elizabeth Herrema · 2025 to 2026
$85k
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA050159NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS118949NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS141509NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS145737NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS115401NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS121095NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS122742NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS127156NINDS NIH HHS R35 NS097265NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS136080NINDS NIH HHS U19 NS123717U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) U19NS123717
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neuromodulatory transmitters have vasoactive properties. Therefore, the impulse response function (IRF) linking spontaneous neuronal activity with hemodynamics may depend on neuromodulation. To test this hypothesis, we used optical imaging to measure norepinephrine (NE) or acetylcholine (ACh), calcium (Ca

Indexed as

Cerebral CortexHemodynamicsNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsNeurovascular CouplingAcetylcholineAnimalsCalciumMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLModels, NeurologicalNorepinephrineAcetylcholineCalciumNeurotransmitter AgentsNorepinephrine

Identifiers

PMID41888552
PMCPMC13196791

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.