ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2026
Nail tattooing: a novel and minimally invasive technique for enhancing drug penetration through the nail.
Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Onychomycosis, a prevalent fungal infection, and psoriasis, a chronic immune disorder affecting the nail plate, present therapeutic challenges due to the limited efficacy of current treatments, often leading to prolonged therapy and a high relapse rate. The highly cross-linked keratin network of the nail plate acts as a barrier, impeding effective drug delivery. This pioneering study explores a novel approach using a tattoo device to enhance drug penetration through the nail. Ciclopirox olamine and clobetasol lacquers were selected as the model formulations. Drug permeation tests conducted on non-treated, filed (mechanically abraded), and tattooed nails demonstrated significantly higher drug permeation in tattooed nails, suggesting the potential of this delivery method. Nail tattooing offers a simple method to enhance topical therapy, allowing treatment initiation in the clinic and continuation at home.
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