Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41887916›Full record

SynthesisHead & neck2026

Biomarkers Associated With Extranodal Extension (ENE) in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC): A Systematic Review.

Lauren C Williams, Naishaliz Lorenzo, Alexander Ladenheim, Saral Mehra, Benjamin L Judson, Sara I Pai, Avanti Verma, Zafar Sayed, James Clohessy, Ansley M Roche

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Head & neck, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lauren C WilliamsDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Naishaliz LorenzoUniversidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico.
Alexander LadenheimDepartment of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-4237
Saral MehraDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3109-7987
Benjamin L JudsonDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-4220
Sara I PaiDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6341-9971
Avanti VermaDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Zafar SayedDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
James ClohessyDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Ansley M RocheDepartment of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDetection of extranodal extension (ENE) can guide treatment planning for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). This systematic review identifies molecular biomarkers predictive of ENE in both Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative OPSCC.

methodsA systematic review was conducted for relevant articles published between 1996 and July 2025. Studies were included if they included exclusively patients with OPSCC and evaluated the presence of ENE based on molecular biomarkers.

resultsTen studies met inclusion criteria. Tumor tissue modified viral (TTMV)-HPV DNA was not associated with ENE. Biomarkers associated with ENE included NOTCH-1 and WNT mutations and expression of podoplanin, Her3, and myoferlin. These biomarkers have also been linked with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells.

conclusionsMultiple genomic and molecular biomarkers have been identified in association with ENE in OPSCC, suggesting that ENE is characterized by an EMT phenotype.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorOropharyngeal NeoplasmsSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionHuman Papillomavirus VirusesHumansPapillomavirus InfectionsBiomarkers, Tumorbiomarkersextranodal extensionhead and neck cancerhuman papilloma virusoropharynx

Identifiers

PMID41887916
PMCPMC13432359

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.