ArticlePloS one2026
Specific pre-injury migraine characteristics associated with worse concussion outcomes.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe examined retrospectively recalled characteristics of pre-injury migraine and their association with retrospectively reported post-concussion outcomes.
methodsData for this study was collected based on self-reported recall from a cross-sectional survey design, distributed online via the Prolific platform. Eligible participants (N = 271) completed the Migraine Disability Assessment Test, Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders short-form, and self-reported return to activities. A MANCOVA compared retrospectively reported concussion outcomes between individuals with and without a self-reported pre-injury migraine diagnosis. Partial correlations assessed associations between retrospectively recalled migraine characteristics and post-concussion outcomes.
resultsCompared to those without a self-reported history of migraine (n = 208), individuals with a self-reported pre-injury migraine diagnosis (n = 61) retrospectively reported significantly greater severity of earlier (p = .007) and later (p = .032) cluster post-concussion symptoms, delayed return to work/school (p = .050) and sports (p < .001), and lower quality of life in the stigma (p < .001) subdomain. Retrospectively reported pre-injury migraine-related functional impairment was significantly correlated with recalled severity of earlier (r = .37) and later (r = .31) cluster post-concussion symptoms, return to sports (r = .29), and quality of life in the social role 1 subdomain (r = -.35). Retrospective reports of pre-injury migraine severity were significantly correlated with both earlier (r = .43) and later (r = .34) cluster post-concussion symptom severity, and lower quality of life in the anxiety (r = .45), depression (r = .46), dyscontrol (r = .38), fatigue (r = .32), wellbeing (r = -.32), sleep (r = .35), social role 1 (r = -.48), and cognition 2 (r = -.37) subdomains.
conclusionsIndividuals with a retrospectively reported history of migraine recalled worse concussion outcomes than those without a migraine history. Additionally, more unfavourable recalled pre-injury migraine characteristics were associated with reports of more adverse post-concussion outcomes. These findings highlight the potential value of assessing individuals' experience with pre-injury migraine when evaluating post-concussion challenges, and the need for future research to examine these relationships using longitudinal designs and objective clinical measures.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.