Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41886224›Full record

ArticlePain and therapy2026

A Real-World Evidence Study on US Patients Demonstrating Safety of High-Frequency Use of the Remote Electrical Neuromodulation (REN) Wearable Device for Migraine Treatment.

Reena G Rastogi, Jason A Santiago, Alicia Chang, Eden Mama, Alit Stark-Inbar, Alon Ironi, Alan R Towne, Klaus Werner

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pain and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07336056 (Safety Profile of High-Frequency Use of a Remote Electrical Neuromodulation), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07336056 phase4active not recruitingnot on this map

Safety Profile of High-Frequency Use of a Remote Electrical Neuromodulation (REN) Wearable Device for Migraine Treatment

TypeinterventionalSponsorTheranicaRan2026 to 2026Enrolled2,000ConditionsMigraineArmsNerivio (REN device)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Reena G RastogiDepartment of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-7864-0950
Jason A SantiagoDepartment of Neurology, Indiana University Health, Fort Wayne, IN, USA.
Alicia ChangHaven Headache & Migraine Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-4512-2864
Eden MamaTheranica, Ha-Omanut 4, Netanya, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-5076-7427
Alit Stark-InbarTheranica, Ha-Omanut 4, Netanya, Israel. alitsi@theranica.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6434-6447
Alon IroniTheranica, Ha-Omanut 4, Netanya, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3992-4978
Alan R TowneDepartment of Neurology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7336
Klaus WernerDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9314-8076

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionRemote electrical neuromodulation (REN) is an FDA-cleared, nonsignificant-risk, drug-free, prescribed wearable device (Nerivio

methodsReal-world observational data from patients with migraine using REN with frequent treatment patterns were collected. Safety assessments evaluated all adverse events (AE) reports, with emphasis on device-related AEs (dAEs), categorized by severity and seriousness per regulatory standards.

resultsA total of 1863 patients with migraine (82.1% female, mean age of 38.8 ± 20.1 years) were eligible: (1) 1654 treated multiple times a day, at least once, (2) 310 treated daily; 101 patients met both patterns. Safety profile was favorable, with a total of 17 patients reporting dAEs (0.91% of patients, 0.02% of treatments). Of them, 16 dAEs reported in multiple treatments per day group (0.97% of patients, 0.05% of treatments), and 6 dAEs in daily treatment group (1.94% of patients, 0.01% of treatments) with 5 dAEs overlapping between the groups (reported by patients who met both criteria). dAEs were infrequent, negligible to moderate in severity, and resolved without medical intervention. No serious dAEs were observed, and the majority of patients continued to use REN after reporting the dAE.

conclusionREN is a safe and well-tolerated treatment for migraine, even when used more frequently than the labeled indication. These findings support its use in real-world clinical practice, including for patients with severe or highly frequent attacks who may need additional treatments.

trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov NCT07336056.

Indexed as

AcuteDrug-freeMigraineNerivioNeuromodulationPreventionRemote electrical neuromodulationRENSafety

Identifiers

PMID41886224
PMCPMC13172155

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.