ArticleMolecular biology reports2026
Molecular and biochemical mechanisms regulating seed germination in Tectona grandis.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundTeak (Tectona grandis) is a tropical timber tree renowned for its exceptional wood qualities, making it ideal for furniture and possessing significant social and cultural value. However, a low and delayed germination becomes a bottleneck for its large-scale production. Understanding of the early germination-associated biochemical and molecular changes within defined experimental constraints may help in future improvement strategies. METHODS AND
resultsThis study investigated stage-specific biochemical changes and exploratory gene expression patterns during the transition from non-germinated seeds (NGS) to pre-germinated seeds (PGS) derived from a single maternal tree. Antioxidant activities (catalase and peroxidase), total soluble protein (TSP), and total soluble sugar (TSS) contents were quantified, along with germination-specific six candidate genes, using qRT-PCR. The results revealed a significant increase in antioxidant levels in PGS compared with NGS, indicating enhanced oxidative stress protection that may contribute to improved germination processes. The TSP content increased, while the TSS content decreased in PGS, suggesting metabolic alterations associated with germination initiation. The transcript analysis showed that higher expression of Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP), and expansin A4 and A9 in PGS, while inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibiting protein (IαTI) and ABA-responsive genes were lower.
conclusionThis study provides preliminary, seed-source-specific insights into biochemical and transcriptional changes associated with teak germination. Also, this is the first report upon integrating biochemical and transcriptomic data from teak seeds with respect to its germination process. Based on these findings, future studies with different genetic resources and enzymatic validation may offer an improved understanding of its germination process.
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