ArticleThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2026
Psychostimulant effects on motor and cognitive function in adults attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Article in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study aims to compare the performance on motor and cognitive functions of adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with or without psychostimulant medication and controls. A secondary objective is to investigate differences on test performance across varying levels of disorder severity.
methodsWe included patients with unmedicated ADHD (U-ADHD) (n = 52), patients with ADHD treated with psychostimulants (n = 40), and controls (n = 80). A multimodal set of motor and cognitive tests was administered to evaluate cerebellar and motor functions, attention and processing speed, executive functions, visuospatial perception, and visuospatial abilities.
resultsBoth patient groups performed significantly worse than controls across all functions. No significant performance differences were observed between the medicated and U-ADHD groups when disorder severity was not considered. However, some differences emerged when stratified by disorder severity. Patients with moderate to severe U-ADHD showed more impairments in sensorimotor functions compared to the medicated ADHD (M-ADHD), while those with mild U-ADHD displayed lower scores on visuospatial perception compared to M-ADHD. Regression analysis indicated that education, anxiety, and sleep disturbances minimally affect test performance.
conclusionsIn summary, psychostimulant medication did not show consistent overall differences in motor and cognitive performance among adults with ADHD. Importantly, when stratifying by disorder severity, some group-level differences emerged, underscoring the need to account for disorder severity in future research and clinical assessment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.