ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2026
Application of Intracellular Vesicles Surpass Extracellular Vesicles in Regenerative Repair of Inflammatory Bone Defects via the LAMA4-Mediated YAP/TAZ Signalling.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Periodontitis-induced inflammatory microenvironment compromises the function of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and significantly impedes the regeneration of periodontal tissues. Meanwhile, the clinical application of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is constrained by their low yield and high production costs. For the first time, this study systematically compares the functional differences between intracellular vesicles (IVs) and EVs derived from human PDLSCs (hPDLSCs) in promoting bone regeneration under inflammatory conditions, while also elucidating their underlying molecular mechanisms. IVs were produced with 6.9-fold higher efficiency and exhibited superior cellular uptake compared to EVs. In vitro, under lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory environment, IVs outperformed EVs in enhancing the hPDLSCs proliferation, suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and upregulating osteogenic markers through Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) activation, thereby promoting calcium nodule formation. Proteomic and functional analyses identified laminin subunit alpha 4 (LAMA4) as a key effector enriched in IVs, which is essential for activating YAP/TAZ signalling and osteogenesis. Correspondingly, in vivo, IVs-loaded gel effectively promoted bone regeneration in rat periodontal bone defects without organ toxicity. This study establishes IVs as a superior, high-yield cell-free therapeutic and delineates an LAMA4-dependent mechanism via YAP/TAZ activation for inflammatory bone regeneration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.