Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41885097›Full record

ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2026

Brief Report: Association Between Pharmacologic Tenofovir Adherence Measures and Subsequent 24-Week Viral Load Outcomes for People With HIV in South Africa.

Nicola Bodley, Katya Govender, Pravikrishnen Moodley, Natasha Samsunder, Yukteshwar Sookrajh, Philip J Turner, Christopher C Butler, Gail N Hayward, Monica Gandhi, Paul K Drain and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nicola BodleyCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Katya GovenderAfrica Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
Pravikrishnen MoodleyDepartment of Virology, University of KwaZulu-Natal and National Health Laboratory Service, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Natasha SamsunderCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Yukteshwar SookrajheThekwini Municipality Health Unit, Durban, South Africa.
Philip J TurnerNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Christopher C ButlerNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Gail N HaywardNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Monica GandhiDivision of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA.
Paul K DrainDepartment of Global Health, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Nigel GarrettCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Jienchi DorwardCentre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-6072-1430

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObjective measures of antiretroviral therapy adherence, such as tenofovir (TFV) concentrations, may allow for targeted interventions to prevent future HIV viremia. We evaluated 3 TFV adherence measures and their association with current and 24-week viral load outcomes.

methodsIn a South Africa-based trial, we measured urine TFV using a point-of-care (POC) antibody-based assay and 2 metrics assessed through liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry: quantitative urine TFV and TFV-diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentrations in dried blood spots (DBS). Logistic regression assessed the association between current and subsequent 24-week viral load outcomes and these 3 measures. We also compared the baseline characteristics of individuals with detectable vs. undetectable POC urine TFV results at enrollment.

resultsOf 124 participants, 54.8% female, median age 39 years, 100 (81.5%) had detectable POC urine TFV and 23 (18.5%) did not. Higher TFV-DP concentrations in DBS were negatively associated with viremia at 24 weeks [odds ratio (OR) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.725-0.928, P = 0.003], while a detectable POC urine TFV (OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.22-1.82, P = 0.380) and quantitative urine TFV (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00, P = 0.153) showed no significant association. Compared with those with detectable POC urine TFV, those with undetectable POC urine TFV were more likely to be viremic at enrollment (78.3% vs. 25.7%, P < 0.001) and have a CD4 count <200 cells/uL (34.8% vs. 12.9%, P = 0.001).

conclusionsDBS TFV-DP was associated with viremia at 24 weeks and could help predict future viremia. Undetectable POC urine TFV was associated with recent antiretroviral therapy initiation, current viremia, and lower CD4 count.

trial registrationPan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR202001785886049) and the South African Clinical Trials Registry (DOH-27-072020-6890).

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsDrug MonitoringHIV InfectionsTenofovirViral LoadAdenineAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOrganophosphatesSouth AfricaAdenineAnti-HIV AgentsOrganophosphatesTenofovirtenofovir diphosphateadherenceHIVpoint-of-caretenofovirurine assayviral load

Identifiers

PMID41885097
PMCPMC13372361

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.