ReviewSAGE open nursing
The Effectiveness and Characteristics of Metaverse-Based Nursing Education for Students: A Systematic Review.
Review in SAGE open nursing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Metaverse-based education is emerging in nursing; this review maps its characteristics and effects. The aim was to systematically review metaverse-based nursing education programs to identify their effectiveness, current status, and characteristics. Method: A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Literature was searched in eight electronic databases (four Korean: Research Information Sharing Service, Korean Studies Information Service System, Database Periodical Information Academic, Korean Medical Database; four international: PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE). Of the 41 retrieved records, only four quasi-experimental studies met the inclusion criteria, highlighting evidence sparsity. The Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies was used to evaluate methodological rigor and quality of evidence. Results: The four studies (sample size range: 57-72; all conducted in Korea) applied metaverse programs to nursing skills, major courses, or simulation-based clinical practice. Reported outcomes included improvements in self-efficacy, knowledge, confidence, and critical thinking ability. However, considerable heterogeneity was noted across interventions and outcome measures, limiting the comparability of the findings. Conclusions: The evidence suggests that metaverse-based education has the potential to supplement or replace traditional nursing practice education in situations with limited access, such as pandemics. All included studies were Korean quasi-experiments with small sample sizes; thus, the certainty of the evidence is very low. Future research should employ multisite randomized controlled trials, optimize the frequency and intensity of interventions, and assess long-term outcomes to inform future strategies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.