ArticleBrain communications2026
Time course of functional and structural brain network changes after mild traumatic brain injury.
Article in Brain communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a progressive and potentially persistent pathophysiological condition affecting multiple cognitive domains. Large-scale brain networks, particularly those supporting attention, are closely linked to these cognitive impairments. Additionally, functional network connectivity, which captures statistical dependencies among network time courses, has revealed disrupted coupling between attentional networks. However, longitudinal evidence on how functional network connectivity changes over time and whether such changes are related to structural connectivity or cognitive outcomes remains limited. To address these gaps, this study investigated functional and structural connectivity among the default mode network, dorsal attention network, and ventral attention network in 41 patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mean age: 48.7 ± 15.8 years) and 35 matched controls (mean age: 44.6 ± 12.8 years). Both groups underwent brain imaging, clinical and neuropsychological assessments, and two cognitive tasks, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Digit Span Test, during the baseline (<1 month) and follow-up (>3 months) phases. Functional networks were defined using the Schaefer atlas and structural connectivity was constructed using these networks as nodes. Diffusion metrics, including fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and mean diffusivity, were assessed. Clinically, symptom scores of depression, symptom severity, and quality of life improved over the three-month period (
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